31. Which cancer was most increased in survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki? A. breast cancer B. hepatocellular carcinoma C. malignant melanoma D. non-melanoma skin cancer * E. leukemia 32. Which cancer has been most increased in survivors of the Chernobyl disaster? A. CNS cancer B. leukemia C. retinoblastoma D. stomach cancer * E. thyroid cancer 33. According to the latest evidence, people who have been HIV-positive but have zero detectable blood HIV by polymerase chain reaction, thanks to the new therapies... A. are probably cured and can discontinue therapy B. are probably cured but should continue their therapy * C. are clearly not cured 34. AIDSVAX, the failed AIDS vaccine of 1998-1999, used: A. attenuated virus * B. gp120 C. gp24 / HIV antigen D. gp51 E. nef product 35. This AIDS opportunist mostly causes diarrhea. A. coccidioides immitis B. cryptococcus * C. cryptosporidia D. histolasma E. toxoplasma 36. The bcr/abl gene is typical of A. Burkitt's lymphoma * B. chronic myelogenous leukemia C. oat cell lung cancer D. renal cell carcinoma E. Wilms' tumor 37. Much less common than a century ago. A. breast cancer B. leukemia C. lung cancer D. melanoma * E. stomach cancer 38. "Candle gutterings" in the ventricles of the brain, and multiple ash-leaf spots of the skin, are only two of many signs in: A. Bloom's fragile chromosome syndrome B. congenital syphilis C. neurofibromatosis type I * D. tuberous sclerosis E. von Hippel Lindau disease 39. The "sign of Leser-Trelat", relatively common as a herald of cancer, is: A. clubbing of the digits B. blackening of the armpits and groin * C. eruption of multiple seborrheic keratoses D. generalized weakness E. rapid onset of pulmonary edema 40. Carcinoembryonic antigen is usually a marker for * A. adenocarcinoma B. any very primitive ("embryonic") cancer C. oat cell carcinoma D. squamous cell carcinomas E. testicular and ovarian cancer 41. Which cancers are most likely to produce autoimmune hemolytic anemias? A. leukemias B. lung carcinomas * C. lymphomas D. sarcomas, especially of bone E. stomach cancers, by interfering with B12 absorption Classic risk factors! Best matches using each choice exactly once. A. arsenic B. benzene C. cadmium D. nickel E. pickled vegetables 42. Skin cancer 43. Esophageal cancer 44. Leukemia 45. Lung cancer 46. Prostate cancer 47. Which is LEAST implicated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma? A. aflatoxin B. hepatitis B C. hepatitis C D. iron overload * E. tobacco smoking 48. You might say, "Caplan's syndrome!" if the non-smoking hard-coal miner comes down in midlife with: A. emphysema B. lung cancer * C. lupus D. mesothelioma E. tuberculosis 49. If you get 200 rads of total body radiation after you mix 35 lb of uranium in a 6 lb container... A. You'll just get a sunburn * B. You will have marrow wipeout but will probably survive without a bone marrow transplant C. You will have marrow wipeout and will probably die unless you get a bone marrow transplant D. You will get GI symptoms and die in a couple of days, bone marrow transplant or no E. You will die in a few hours of brain damage 50. Coffee drinking is a recogized risk factor for A. bladder cancer B. high blood pressure C. premature labor D. stroke * E. none of these 51. Sensitivity to halothane, the classic anesthetic, produced necrosis of the A. basal ganglia B. kidney * C. liver D. myocardium E. skin 52. "Senile emphysema" results from loss of... A. collagen fibers * B. elastic fibers C. flexibility of bronchial cartilage D. integrity of the microvasculature E. type II pneumocytes and surfactant 53. Your thymus is pretty much gone by gae A. 1 month B. 1 year C. 10 years * D. 20 years E. 50 years 54. As we age, which part of our kidneys undergoes the most impressive fibrosis? * A. arterial intima B. arterial media C. constricting capsule D. glomeruli E. medullary interstitium 55. Accelerated shortening of the telomeres? * A. ataxia-telangiectasia B. Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis C. Hutchinson-Guilford classic progeria D. Von Hippel-Lindau E. Werner's progeria 56. ONE KODACHROME. We call this pattern of tumor growth A. acinar B. cribriform * C. papillary D. scirrhous E. signet-ring 57. ONE KODACHROME. If I have some 100 proof vodka, what percentage is alcohol? A. 10% B. 20% * C. 50% D. 100% E. can't tell 58. ONE KODACHROME. Renal proximal tubule. Which poison? A. busulfan B. carbon tetrachloride C. gentamicin D. lead E. vitamin A 59. ONE KODACHROME. Bone marrow. Your best diagnosis? A. healing fracture B. leukemia C. metastatic adenocarcinoma D. metastatic squamous cell carcinoma * E. tuberculosis 60. THREE KODACHROMES. Which AIDS opportunist? A. cryptococcus B. cryptosporidiosis * C. cytomegalovirus D. histoplasmosis E. pneumocystis 61. ONE KODACHROME. Which vitamin deficiency? A. A B. C C. B1 * D. B3 E. D 62. ONE KODACHROME. We call this pattern of tumor growth A. acinar B. cribriform * C. papillary D. scirrhous E. signet-ring 63. THREE KODACHROMES. Face. What's the diagnosis? A. benign squamous papilloma B. common wart C. herpes zoster D. Kaposi's sarcoma * E. squamous cell carcinoma 64. ONE KODACHROME. Lung. What is the diagnosis? A. asbestosis B. silicosis C. squamous metaplasia * D. poorly differentiated carcinoma E. normal lung with good ciliated epithelium 65. ONE KODACHROME. Your diagnosis? A. pellagra B. rickets C. scurvy D. vitamin A deficiency * E. none, this kid eats a lot of carrots 66. ONE KODACHROME. Ureter. What is the diagnosis? A. adenocarcinoma B. Kaposi's sarcoma C. squamous cell carcinoma D. spindle cell sarcoma * E. vitamin A deficiency 67. ONE KODACHROME. Skin lesion. What is the diagnosis? A. adenocarcinoma B. invasive squamous cell carcinoma * C. Kaposi's sarcoma D. squamous cell carcinoma in situ E. uh, this is normal skin 68. ONE KODACHROME. Pneumoconiosis. Which one? A. anthracosis B. asbestosis C. berylliosis, with granulomas D. organic pneumoconiosis E. silicosis, with some anthracosis 69. ONE KODACHROME. Gunshot wound. A. hard contact entry wound B. loose contact entry wound * C. midrange entry wound D. long-distance entry wound E. exit wound 70. TWO KODACHROMES. Liver. What's the diagnosis? A. multiple benign tumors (biliary duct adenomas or "Von Meyenberg complexes" B. incised wound, as from a stabbing C. laceration, as from a car wreck * D. metastatic adenocarcinoma E. primary hepatocellular carcinoma 71. ONE KODACHROME. Endocervix. What's going on? A. benign squamous metaplasia * B. carcinoma in situ C. invasive adenocarcinoma D. invasive squamous carcinoma E. normal except for slight chronic inflammation 72. ONE KODACHROME. Nasal mass. What is the most likely diagnosis? * A. allergic nasal polyp B. malignant lymphoma C. mucinous cystadenoma D. squamous cell carcinoma E. not a tumor, this is Wegener's granulomatosis 73. ONE KODACHROME. The large cell in the center is undergoing A. apoptosis B. coagulation necrosis C. loss of contact inhibition * D. mitosis E. virus infection 74. ONE KODACHROME. Ovarian tumor. What is the diagnosis? A. apocrine metaplasia B. metastatic stomach cancer (Krukenberg tumor) C. mucinous cystadenocarcinoma * D. mucinous cystadenoma E. thecoma 75. ONE KODACHROME. Which phase of mitosis? A. anaphase B. interphase * C. metaphase D. prophase E. telophase 76. ONE KODACHROME. Breast. What is the diagnosis? A. adenocarcinoma B. teratoma C. spindle cell sarcoma D. squamous cell carcinoma * E. normal breast 77. TWO KODACHROMES. Adrenal mass A. benign * B. malignant C. both D. neither E. C and D 78. ONE KODACHROME. What's this? A. contusion B. incised wound * C. laceration D. skin cancer E. normal gluteal cleft 79. ONE KODACHROME. Endocervix. * A. benign squamous metaplasia B. carcinoma in situ, full-thickness anaplasia C. invasive adenocarcinoma D. invasive squamous cell carcinoma E. normal histology 80. TWO KODACHROMES. Your best diagnosis * A. adenocarcinoma B. adenoma C. spindle cell sarcoma D. squamous cell carcinoma E. none of these BONUS ITEMS: 81. ONE KODACHROME. Old dude who stays in shape. What is Gompertz's law? [mortality rate increases logarithmically] 82. ONE KODACHROME. What are the intercellular bridges in this squamous cell carcinoma? [desmosomes] 83. TWO KODACHROMES. So just what is dysplasia? [anaplasia confined in an epithelium] 84. ONE KODACHROME. What's the pink stuff in the center of this cancer? [necrosis] 85. ONE KODACHROME. Guess the cell of origin of this cancer? [hepatocyte] 86. ONE KODACHROME. What are CCR5 and CXCR4? [must be present to allow binding of HIV] 87. ONE KODACHROME. What must I find in this mass before I can call it a teratoma? [all 3 germ layers] 88. ONE KODACHROME. What is desmoplasia? [lots of collagen in a cancer / hard] 89. ONE KODACHROME. What weapon produced this wound? Be specific. [shotgun] 90. How much energy is delivered by a rad? [100 ergs/gram] 91. What are Mee's lines? [fingernails in arsenic poisoning] 92. What part of the brain is most likely to be damaged severely following carbon monoxide intoxication? [globus pallidus, accept basal ganglia] 93. What is infant mortality? Be precise. [how many out of 1000 live births make it to age 1] 94. What is Potter sequence? [squished face in oligohydramnios] 95. What's the typical finding in galactokinase deficiency? [cataract] 96. ONE KODACHROME. Why is this man smiling? ["I'm hung!" / "The old just die"]